Random News - Dr. Fidel Castro Ruz was leader of the revolution in Cuba against the dictator Batista. Since the victory of the revolution, he has been leading Cuba as a minister of defense since 1976, first as a defense minister. He is "Comandante en jefe", commander-in-chief for over 40 years. Castro is the longest-serving head of state in the world.
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| Fidel Castro, Source image: planet-wissen.de |
Depending on who you ask, you get very different opinions about Fidel Castro.
Among the Cubans, there is overwhelming agreement with their charismatic leader. In Central and South America, "Máximo Líder" is home to millions of fans and supporters.
The success of the revolution is the excellent, tax-financed school system and a health care system that is unrivaled. After the revolution almost half of the then 6000 doctors had escaped to the USA or Mexico. Today it is 50 000. This gives the citizens of Cuba better medical care and better education than the citizens of the surrounding Caribbean countries. For almost all Cubans the revolution was a social rise and your situation has improved to the previous life.
At the time of Batista, Cuba was considered the "brothel" of the US - as in many Caribbean countries, "a small upper class earned riches at the expense of the completely impoverished, underserved and poorly educated country population.
Losers of revolutionary goods the wealthy Cubans who lost their goods as a result of the redistribution after the revolution. They are the fierce enemies of Fidel Castro and act against Him with every means. In the majority, you have migrated to Florida as a direct consequence of the revolution. They complain about the lack of political freedoms and the economic decline of Cuba.
Castro is accused by various international organizations of tolerating violations of human rights in Cuba at least. He is the "favorite enemy" of the USA. A socialist state directly in front of the Americans is simply not acceptable for this.
Despite all direct and indirect attempts by the US to overthrow Fidel Castro - and thus the socialist Cuba - "El Comandante" has so far succeeded in remaining Cuba's undisputed state leader. He survived the attempted invasion of the 1961 pig bay, the 1962 Cuba crisis, numerous attempted assassinations and the collapse of socialism in 1991, as well as the subsequent severe economic and economic crisis in Cuba .
Castro's state of health is suspiciously observed by the world public. For more than ten years the end of Castro is prophesied again and again. Rumors about a cancer, heart problems, Parkinson's disease or a stroke regularly make the round. One thing is certain: Castro is old and the "Máximo Líder" can not rule forever.
Fidel Castro - a striking student
13 August 1926 - the official date of birth of Fidel Castro, the son of the great landowner Ángel Castro y Argiz and his housekeeper and cook Lina Ruz González. The relationship with the father was not very heartfelt, the old gentleman was very authoritarian.
Already at the age of six his parents sent the little Fidel: from the homeland finca in eastern Cuba to a Catholic school after Santiago de Cuba. Caregivers looked after the boy there.
His intelligence and his excellent memory were noticeable to the teachers early on. At the age of 16, Fidel Castro attended the Jesuit College in Havana, a strict and prestigious boarding school. Castro already showed great ambition - in teaching and in sport.
Even at the boarding school, the later "Máximo Líder" came to controversial fame, when he wanted to prove his iron will and his courage: Fidel Castro was racing against a stone wall with a bicycle. At first unconscious, he came away with a brainstorm. In 1945 the Jesuit Padres handed him his excellent certificate.
From lawyer to guerrilla leader
After the Jesuit colleague, Castro moved to the University of Havana to study the jurisprudence. Lawyer - that was his job. At that time, armed gangs had a great influence on Cuban politics and also on campus. It was the time of the "gangsterismo" and in this environment Castro began to interfere in the university policy. Both as a student leader and later as a lawyer, he opposed the corrupt government and the side of the socially weak.
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| Fidel Castro, Source image: planet-wissen.de |
In 1953, Castro organized the famous storm at the Moncada barracks in Santiago de Cuba: about 160 badly armed fighters were fighting against the country's second-largest army facility.
Castro was defeated and was arrested. His reputation, however, rose sharply across the country.
After the capture, Castro defended himself, holding a flaming speech against the dictator Fulgencio Batista. His imprisonment: 15 years. In 1955, however, Castro was dismissed prematurely. He went into Mexican exile to prepare the armed struggle - his revolution. In November 1956, 82 guerrillas started on the ship "Granma" in the direction of Cuba. But the landing did not go as planned. In an ambush of the army many of Castro's men were killed or captured.
Only a small group, including Che Guevara and Raúl Castro, could save themselves with Fidel in the mountains of the Sierra Maestra. From here, Castro's rebel army and his influence against Batista grew steadily. The guerrilla troops fought more and more successfully. On January 1, 1959 Batista went into exile. Castro had won the victory.
The winner of the revolution
On January 8, 1959, Fidel Castro entered Havana with jubilation. From the beginning he understood how to mobilize the masses and to capture them. After the victory of the revolution Castro did not hesitate long. He had Batista supporters executed in public affairs, the rents, electricity and telephone became cheaper. Wages, especially those of sugar cane workers, rose.
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| Fidel Castro, Source image: planet-wissen.de |
Castro expropriated the landowners and transferred American companies to Cuban property. The Americans quit with a bargaining bargain. The revolutionary hero remained at his confrontation course. The conflict between the US and Cuba culminated in the invasion of the pig bay in 1961, when the Americans unsuccessfully tried to overthrow the Castro government.
Immediately after the revolution, Fidel Castro reformed the education and health system. Equal and free supply for all was the motto, the great literacy campaign was just one step. This approach was exemplary for many countries. On May 1, 1961, Fidel Castro proclaimed the "socialist state." It is a socialism of Cuban origin or simply "fidelism".
Cuba crisis
In 1962, the world was in the crisis of Cuba on the brink of an atomic war. Fidel Castro had sought a strong ally: the Soviet Union. He had allowed the Soviets to station medium-range missiles on Cuba. A conciliation of the government's supreme powers prevented the further escalation of the crisis.
Fidel Castro - The State Chief
The disintegration of the Soviet Union led Castro's Cuba into a deep economic crisis in the 1990s. Many cast Castro's back, the "Máximo Líder" remained with his socialist course. Quarrels and regime critics, including many artists, had Castro often locked up or exiled with his policy. Nevertheless, Castro enjoyed the support of the majority of the population.
In the course of his reign, there were always timid loosening of the system within the country, but also between the USA and Cuba. All in all, Fidel Castro stayed with his hard line. He has been criticized for human rights violations and his lavish lifestyle.
Fidel Castro was at the top of Cuba for nearly 50 years. It was only in 2006 that he handed over his office business to his brother Raúl Castro after an intestinal surgery. In February 2008 the "Máximo Líder" retired for health reasons, Raúl became his successor. In 2016 the Cuban revolutionary leader and former state president died in Havana at the age of 90.
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